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Ques:- What kind of knowledge we need to gain to draw p&ID and Isometrics in autocad?
Right Answer:
To draw P&ID (Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams) and isometrics in AutoCAD, you need knowledge of:

1. Piping symbols and standards.
2. Instrumentation symbols and conventions.
3. Basic AutoCAD skills (drawing, editing, layering).
4. Understanding of fluid mechanics and process flow.
5. Familiarity with industry standards (like ANSI, ISO).
6. Isometric drawing techniques and dimensioning.
Ques:- What is axial shift n what is differential expansion in turbine?how many sensor probes r mounted for this n how it works?
Right Answer:
Axial shift refers to the movement of the turbine rotor along its axis, which can occur due to thermal expansion or operational conditions. Differential expansion is the difference in expansion rates between the rotor and the casing, often caused by temperature variations. Typically, two sensor probes are mounted to measure axial shift and differential expansion. These probes monitor the position of the rotor relative to the casing, allowing for real-time adjustments and ensuring safe turbine operation.
Ques:- What is Backlash in gears.when it will be harmfull?
Asked In :- osg corporation,
Right Answer:
Backlash in gears is the slight gap or play between the teeth of meshing gears. It can be harmful when it leads to inaccuracies in positioning, increased wear, noise, and reduced efficiency in mechanical systems, especially in precision applications like CNC machines or robotics.
Ques:- Draw block diagram BOILER COMBUSTION loop & Explain
Asked In :- ferrari,
Right Answer:
A boiler combustion loop block diagram typically includes the following components:

1. **Fuel Supply**: Source of fuel (gas, oil, coal).
2. **Air Supply**: Blower or fan providing combustion air.
3. **Burner**: Where fuel and air mix and ignite.
4. **Boiler**: Vessel where heat is generated.
5. **Flue Gas**: Exhaust system for combustion gases.
6. **Control System**: Sensors and controllers for monitoring temperature, pressure, and flow rates.

**Explanation**: The fuel and air are mixed in the burner, ignited, and the resulting heat is transferred to the water in the boiler. The control system regulates the fuel and air supply to maintain optimal combustion conditions. Flue gases are expelled through the exhaust system.
Ques:- What are the major duties of a mechanical engineer in a power plant.?
Right Answer:
The major duties of a mechanical engineer in a power plant include:

1. Designing and analyzing mechanical systems and components.
2. Overseeing the installation and maintenance of machinery.
3. Ensuring compliance with safety and environmental regulations.
4. Conducting performance testing and troubleshooting equipment.
5. Collaborating with other engineers and departments for project execution.
6. Managing project timelines and budgets.
7. Implementing energy efficiency measures and improvements.
Ques:- Why we express the unit of torque in Nm.even though it can be expressed as Joule ( J )?
Asked In :- osg corporation,
Right Answer:
Torque is expressed in Newton-meters (Nm) because it specifically measures rotational force, while Joules (J) measure energy. One Joule is equivalent to one Newton-meter, but using Nm for torque clarifies that it is a measure of rotational effect, not energy.
Ques:- What is mean by CONCENTRICITY? how it is measure?
Right Answer:
Concentricity refers to the condition where two or more circular features share the same center axis. It is measured using a coordinate measuring machine (CMM) or a dial indicator, by checking the variation in the distance from the center of one feature to the center of another as the part is rotated.
Ques:- What is dead weight tester and where it is used?.
Asked In :- denso, eaton,
Right Answer:
A dead weight tester is a calibration device used to measure pressure by applying a known weight to a piston in a fluid. It is commonly used in laboratories and industries to calibrate pressure gauges and sensors.
Ques:- The hpcl (instrumentation) model placement
Asked In :- metro trains melbourne, btp,
Right Answer:
The HPCL (Instrumentation) model placement typically involves a structured selection process that includes written tests, technical interviews, and HR interviews, focusing on candidates' knowledge in instrumentation and related engineering principles.
Ques:- Design a rod that should withstand 1000N? (they told that the material is mild steel & they gave me the stress-strain graph for that)
Right Answer:
To design a rod that can withstand a load of 1000N using mild steel, first determine the yield strength from the stress-strain graph.

1. Choose a suitable diameter (d) for the rod.
2. Calculate the required cross-sectional area (A) using the formula:
( A = frac{F}{sigma_{yield}} )
where ( F = 1000N ) and ( sigma_{yield} ) is the yield strength from the graph.
3. Use the area to find the diameter:
( A = frac{pi d^2}{4} )
Rearranging gives:
( d = sqrt{frac{4A}{pi}} )

Select a diameter that meets or exceeds this calculation while considering a safety factor.
Ques:- What is the difference between set up of cast iron manufacturing industry and steel manufacturing industry?
Right Answer:
The setup of a cast iron manufacturing industry typically involves processes like melting pig iron in cupola furnaces and casting in molds, focusing on producing cast iron products. In contrast, a steel manufacturing industry primarily uses electric arc furnaces or basic oxygen furnaces to refine iron and produce steel, emphasizing higher temperatures and more complex alloying processes.
Ques:- What is mean by pitch diameter?
Asked In :- transalta,
Right Answer:
Pitch diameter is the diameter of an imaginary circle that passes through the points where the teeth of two meshing gears effectively engage. It is crucial for determining the gear's size and spacing.
Ques:- What is diffrent profibus & OFC Communication
Asked In :- GRSE,
Right Answer:
Profibus (Process Field Bus) is a standard for fieldbus communication in industrial automation, primarily used for connecting sensors and actuators. It operates on a digital signal and is designed for real-time data exchange.

OFC (Optical Fiber Communication) uses light signals transmitted through optical fibers for communication. It offers high bandwidth and long-distance transmission capabilities, making it suitable for data transfer over large distances.

In summary, Profibus is a fieldbus protocol for industrial devices, while OFC is a communication method using light through fiber optics.


A Mechanical Draftsman/Draughtsman is a skilled technical professional who serves as a vital link between the design and production phases of a project. Their primary responsibility is to create precise, detailed technical drawings and schematics that communicate the exact specifications of a mechanical system, part, or product. This work is critical for a wide range of industries, including manufacturing, automotive, aerospace, and construction, as their drawings serve as the essential blueprints for engineers, manufacturers, and technicians.

The role relies heavily on Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software, such as AutoCAD, SolidWorks, or Inventor. Using these tools, a draftsman converts an engineer’s initial design concepts and sketches into detailed 2D and 3D models. These drawings are meticulously crafted and include all the necessary information for a product to be built correctly. This information includes precise dimensions, material specifications, tolerances, and assembly instructions. They often create various views of a single part or assembly, such as orthographic projections and isometric views, to ensure there is no ambiguity in the final design.

A mechanical draftsman works in close collaboration with a team of engineers, designers, and manufacturing personnel. They are not simply drafters; they often provide valuable feedback on the practicality and manufacturability of a design, suggesting changes to improve efficiency or reduce costs. Their attention to detail is paramount, as even a small error in a drawing can lead to significant manufacturing delays, costly material waste, or even safety failures. In essence, the mechanical draftsman is the artisan of the engineering world, turning abstract ideas and calculations into the clear, structured instructions that bring new technology and products to life.

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