Questions in: Embedded C

Right Answer:
Storage classes in C define the scope, visibility, and lifetime of variables. They determine where a variable is stored, how long it lasts, and how it can be accessed. The main storage classes are:

1. **auto**: Default for local variables, limited to the block in which they are defined.
2. **register**: Suggests that the variable be stored in a CPU register for faster access.
3. **static**: Preserves the variable's value between function calls and limits its scope to the file or function.
4. **extern**: Allows a variable to be accessible across multiple files, indicating that it is defined elsewhere.

Right Answer:
Dynamic memory refers to memory that is allocated during the runtime of a program, allowing for flexible memory usage. It is typically managed using functions like `malloc()`, `calloc()`, `realloc()`, and `free()` in C.

Right Answer:
Swapping is the process of exchanging the values of two variables. In C programming, this is typically done using a temporary variable to hold one value while the other is assigned.

Right Answer:
A string is a sequence of characters terminated by a null character (`''`) in C programming.

Right Answer:
A shift operator is a bitwise operator that shifts the bits of a number to the left or right. The left shift operator (`<<`) moves bits to the left, filling with zeros, effectively multiplying the number by 2 for each shift. The right shift operator (`>>`) moves bits to the right, discarding bits on the right, effectively dividing the number by 2 for each shift.

Right Answer:
A relational operator is a symbol used to compare two values or expressions, resulting in a boolean value (true or false). Common relational operators include `==` (equal to), `!=` (not equal to), `>` (greater than), `<` (less than), `>=` (greater than or equal to), and `<=` (less than or equal to).

Right Answer:
An array is a collection of elements, all of the same type, stored in contiguous memory locations and accessed using an index.

Right Answer:
A function is a block of code that performs a specific task, can take inputs (parameters), and may return a value.

Right Answer:
A pointer is a variable that stores the memory address of another variable.

Right Answer:
An ascending order program is a code that arranges a list of numbers or elements from the smallest to the largest. In C, this can be achieved using sorting algorithms like bubble sort, selection sort, or quicksort.

Right Answer:
A loop is a programming construct that repeats a block of code multiple times until a specified condition is met.

Right Answer:
A descending order program sorts a list of numbers or elements from the highest to the lowest value. Here’s a simple example in C:

```c
#include <stdio.h>

void sortDescending(int arr[], int n) {
int i, j, temp;
for (i = 0; i < n-1; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < n-i-1; j++) {
if (arr[j] < arr[j+1]) {
temp = arr[j];
arr[j] = arr[j+1];
arr[j+1] = temp;
}
}
}
}

int main() {
int arr[] = {5, 2, 9, 1, 5, 6};
int n = sizeof(arr)/sizeof(arr[0]);

sortDescending(arr, n);

printf("Sorted array in descending order:n");
for (int i = 0

Right Answer:
A braking system is a mechanism in vehicles that slows down or stops the motion by applying friction to the wheels, converting kinetic energy into heat.

Right Answer:
A `do while` loop is a control flow statement in C that executes a block of code at least once and then repeatedly executes the block as long as a specified condition is true. The syntax is:

```c
do {
// code to be executed
} while (condition);
```

Right Answer:
A logical operation is a process that evaluates boolean expressions and returns a true or false value based on the logical relationship between the operands, typically using operators like AND, OR, and NOT.

Right Answer:
`while` is a control flow statement in C that repeatedly executes a block of code as long as a specified condition evaluates to true.

Right Answer:
An arithmetic operation is a mathematical calculation that involves basic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

Right Answer:
An if-else statement is a control structure in C programming that allows you to execute a block of code based on a condition. If the condition is true, the code inside the "if" block runs; if it's false, the code inside the "else" block runs.

Right Answer:
C is a high-level programming language that is widely used for system programming, developing operating systems, and embedded systems. It provides low-level access to memory and is known for its efficiency and performance.