Questions in: Engineering

Right Answer:
General building execution procedures include:

1. **Planning and Design**: Review architectural and engineering plans.
2. **Site Preparation**: Clear the site, set up temporary facilities, and establish site access.
3. **Foundation Work**: Excavate and pour foundations according to specifications.
4. **Structural Framework**: Erect the structural framework, including beams and columns.
5. **Enclosure**: Install walls, roofs, and windows to create a weather-tight structure.
6. **Utilities Installation**: Install plumbing, electrical, and HVAC systems.
7. **Interior Finishes**: Complete drywall, flooring, painting, and fixtures.
8. **Exterior Finishes**: Apply siding, roofing, and landscaping.
9. **Quality Control**: Conduct inspections and tests throughout the process.
10. **Final Inspection and Handover**: Ensure compliance with codes and regulations before handing over the building.

Right Answer:
The types of turbines are:

1. Steam Turbines
2. Gas Turbines
3. Water Turbines (Hydraulic Turbines)
4. Wind Turbines
5. Pelton Turbines
6. Francis Turbines
7. Kaplan Turbines

Right Answer:
I have conducted the following tests in the field:

1. Concrete slump test
2. Concrete compressive strength test
3. Soil compaction test
4. Rebar bending and tensile strength test
5. Water permeability test
6. Asphalt density test
7. Load testing on structures
8. Non-destructive testing (NDT) methods like ultrasonic and radiographic tests.

Right Answer:
To check stored cement, ensure the bags are intact, check the expiration date, and look for any signs of moisture or damage. Precautions include storing cement in a dry, cool place away from direct sunlight, keeping it off the ground on pallets, and sealing opened bags tightly to prevent moisture absorption.

Right Answer:
To draw the Shear Force (S.F.) and Bending Moment (B.M.) diagrams for a cantilever beam with a point load at the free end:

1. **Shear Force Diagram (S.F.D.):**
- The shear force is constant along the length of the cantilever.
- It starts at the value of the point load (P) at the free end and remains constant until the fixed support, where it drops to zero.
- S.F. = -P (constant) from the free end to the fixed support.

2. **Bending Moment Diagram (B.M.D.):**
- The bending moment at the free end is zero.
- It increases linearly to the fixed support.
- B.M. at a distance x from the free end = -P * x.
- At the fixed support, B.M. = -P * L (where L is the length of the cantilever).

**Diagrams:**
-

Right Answer:
I like the place I live in because it has a strong sense of community, good access to amenities, and beautiful natural surroundings that make it enjoyable and convenient.

Right Answer:
To calculate the quantities of cement and sand for plastering a 10'x10' area at 10mm thickness with a mix ratio of 1:5, use the following steps:

1. Calculate the volume of plaster:
- Area = 10 ft x 10 ft = 100 sq ft
- Thickness = 10 mm = 0.033 ft (10 mm / 304.8)
- Volume = Area x Thickness = 100 sq ft x 0.033 ft = 3.3 cu ft

2. Calculate the total parts in the mix ratio:
- Total parts = 1 (cement) + 5 (sand) = 6 parts

3. Calculate the volume of cement and sand:
- Volume of cement = (1/6) x 3.3 cu ft = 0.55 cu ft
- Volume of sand = (5/6) x 3.3 cu ft = 2

Right Answer:

Actually, “isometric beam” is not a standard term in mechanical or civil engineering. It’s likely a confusion between two separate concepts:

1. Isometric Drawing:
A type of 3D drawing used to show piping and structural elements, including beams, clearly from different angles.

2. Beam:
A structural element that supports loads in buildings or machinery.

🔍 Correct Usage Example:
An isometric drawing may include details of a structural beam layout, but the beam itself isn’t called “isometric.”

Right Answer:
I am open to both contract and permanent positions, depending on the opportunities available and the needs of the company.

Right Answer:
Earthworks involve the excavation, filling, and grading of soil to prepare the ground for road construction. Subgrade is the native soil or improved soil that supports the road structure. Subbase is a layer of material placed on top of the subgrade to provide additional support and drainage. Base course is the layer above the subbase, typically made of crushed stone or gravel, providing strength and load distribution. Wearing course is the top layer of the road surface, usually made of asphalt or concrete, designed to withstand traffic and weather. Kerb stones are the vertical elements that define the edge of the road, providing structural support and preventing erosion.

Right Answer:
To test a squirrel cage induction motor without testing equipment, you can perform a visual inspection for any physical damage, check for unusual noises or vibrations while running, measure the temperature of the motor casing during operation (it should not exceed normal operating temperatures), and observe the motor's starting behavior and running performance. Additionally, you can check the power supply connections and ensure they are secure.

Right Answer:

Boiler erection is the process of assembling and installing all boiler components (like drum, water wall, headers, and structure) at the project site. Pre-commissioning is the set of checks and preparations done before starting the boiler for the first time.

🔧 Boiler Erection Includes:

• Structure column & beam installation

• Pressure part erection (drum, coils, pipes)

• Header welding & support alignment

• Ducting, insulation, and platform work

🔎 Pre-Commissioning Includes:

• Hydro test of boiler pressure parts

• Steam and air blowing

• Flushing and chemical cleaning

• Control system testing

• Safety valve setting

• Trial run checks

Right Answer:
Telecom infrastructure includes the physical and virtual components that enable communication services. Key elements are:

1. **Base Stations**: Towers and antennas that transmit and receive signals.
2. **Transmission Lines**: Fiber optic cables and microwave links that carry data.
3. **Switching Centers**: Facilities that route calls and data between users.
4. **Data Centers**: Locations that store and manage data and applications.
5. **Network Management Systems**: Tools for monitoring and controlling the network.
6. **End-user Devices**: Phones, modems, and routers that connect users to the network.

Right Answer:

My last company was involved in industrial project work, mainly focusing on boiler erection, piping, and maintenance. I was part of the mechanical team, where I handled day-to-day site execution, material management, and coordination with clients and safety teams.

Right Answer:
PCC (Plain Cement Concrete) is used for tower foundations to provide a stable and level base, distribute the load evenly, prevent soil erosion, and protect the reinforcement from moisture and corrosion.

Right Answer:
Success, to me, means achieving my personal and professional goals while maintaining a balance in life. It involves continuous growth, learning, and making a positive impact on others.

Right Answer:
CT stands for Current Transformer, which is used to measure and transform high currents into lower, manageable values for measurement and protection. PT stands for Potential Transformer, which is used to measure and transform high voltages into lower, manageable values for measurement and protection.