Questions in: Engineering

Right Answer:
To decide the thickness of a reinforced concrete roof slab, you can use the following formula:

**Thickness (h) = L / 20 to L / 30**,

where L is the span of the slab in inches.

For a 10'x10' roof (120 inches x 120 inches), the thickness can be calculated as:

- Using L/20: 120 inches / 20 = 6 inches
- Using L/30: 120 inches / 30 = 4 inches

Thus, a typical thickness for a 10'x10' roof slab would be between **4 to 6 inches**.

Right Answer:
The least count of staff is typically 0.01 meters (or 1 centimeter).

Right Answer:
Power cables are designed to carry high voltage and current for electrical power distribution, while control cables are used for transmitting signals and control commands at lower voltages. Power cables typically have thicker conductors and insulation to handle higher loads, whereas control cables have more conductors and are often more flexible for easier installation in control systems.

Right Answer:

In my academic life, I once failed to clear an important exam due to poor time management and lack of revision. It was disappointing, but I took it as a learning opportunity.

🔄 How I overcame it:
I made a proper study plan, focused on weak topics, practiced regularly, and improved my time management. In the next attempt, I cleared the exam with good marks.

🔍 Tip:
Failure is not the end. It helps you grow, learn, and come back stronger.

Right Answer:
An auto level is a surveying instrument that uses a compensator to automatically level the line of sight, allowing for quicker and easier setup. A dumpy level, on the other hand, requires manual leveling using leveling screws and a bubble level, making it more time-consuming to set up.

Right Answer:

People inside the train don’t get shocked because they’re not in direct contact with the high-voltage overhead wires. Trains use a pantograph on top to draw power (often 25,000 volts AC) from the overhead line. That current flows through the train’s internal electrical system and returns to the ground through the rails.

☝ The metal body of the train is insulated from the high-voltage system, and passengers are safely inside.

⚡ A person on top of the train is dangerously close to the live wire. Even without touching it, the high voltage can arc through the air and cause a deadly shock.

🔌 Earthing in trains:
Electric trains complete the circuit using the track as a return path. The rails are grounded (earthed) at intervals to safely carry current back to the substation.

Right Answer:
Flow refers to the movement of fluid through a pipe or system, while flow rate is the volume of fluid that passes a specific point in the system per unit of time. Flow is a general concept, whereas flow rate quantifies that movement, typically expressed in units like liters per second (L/s) or gallons per minute (GPM).

Right Answer:
Support should be provided at both ends of the bridge and at regular intervals along the span, typically every 20 to 30 meters, depending on the design and load requirements. For a 1 km long bridge, you would need approximately 34 to 50 supports, including the end supports.

Right Answer:
Focus on the skills and experiences you gained in each role. Explain that you were seeking opportunities for growth and learning, and highlight any achievements or contributions you made in those positions. Emphasize your commitment to the industry and how your diverse experiences make you a stronger candidate.

Right Answer:
The wastage percentages as per Indian standard codes are approximately:

- Steel: 2-5%
- Concrete: 5-10%
- Tiles: 5-10%
- Paints: 5-10%

Right Answer:
People work on a commission basis because it allows them to earn more based on their performance and sales. This can be motivating and rewarding for those who are confident in their abilities to generate business.

Right Answer:
PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) is used for controlling machinery and processes with real-time operations. DCS (Distributed Control System) is used for controlling complex processes in large plants, providing centralized control with distributed elements. SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) is used for monitoring and controlling infrastructure and facility-based processes, often over large distances, providing data collection and visualization.

Right Answer:
My favorite color is blue because it represents calmness and stability.

Right Answer:
To calculate the flow range in a differential pressure (DP) transmitter, use the formula:

Flow Rate (Q) = K * √(ΔP)

Where:
- Q = flow rate
- K = flow coefficient (depends on the system and fluid)
- ΔP = differential pressure measured by the transmitter

Adjust the values of ΔP to find the minimum and maximum flow rates for the desired range.

Right Answer:
BOQ stands for Bill of Quantities, which is a document that itemizes and quantifies the materials, labor, and costs required for a construction project.