```python
class TreeNode:
def __init__(self, value=0, left=None, right=None):
self.value = value
self.left = left
self.right = right
def is_bst(node, min_value=float('-inf'), max_value=float('inf')):
if node is None:
return True
if not (min_value < node.value < max_value):
return False
return (is_bst(node.left, min_value, node.value) and
is_bst(node.right, node.value, max_value))
```
1 + 2 = 3
4 - 1 = 3
6 ÷ 2 = 3
9 - 6 = 3
5 - 2 = 3
3 × 1 = 3
```python
class Node:
def __init__(self, data):
self.data = data
self.next = None
class Stack:
def __init__(self):
self.top = None
def is_empty(self):
return self.top is None
def push(self, data):
new_node = Node(data)
new_node.next = self.top
self.top = new_node
def pop(self):
if self.is_empty():
raise IndexError("pop from empty stack")
popped_node = self.top
self.top = self.top.next
return popped_node.data
def peek(self):
if self.is_empty():
raise IndexError("peek from empty stack")
return self.top.data
```
A Binary Search Tree (BST) is a data structure that stores elements in a hierarchical manner, where each node has at most two children. For any given node, all values in the left subtree are less than the node's value, and all values in the right subtree are greater. This property allows for efficient searching, insertion, and deletion operations.
A practical application of a linked list is in implementing a dynamic memory allocation system, such as managing free memory blocks in a heap, where each block can be linked to the next, allowing for efficient insertion and deletion of memory segments.
A hash table (or hash map) would be used for a dictionary.
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