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Ques:- A tire manufacturer in Vietnam has been the only player in that market due to high tariffs on imports. They dominate the tire industry. As it stands, the tariff is 50% of the total cost to produce and ship a tire to Vietnam. Because of the forces of globalization and lower consumer prices, the Vietnamese government decided to lower the tariff by 5% a year for the next ten years. The company is very concerned about this change, as it will radically alter the landscape of the industry in Vietnam. They hire you to assess the situation and advise them on what steps to take.
Right Answer:
The tire manufacturer should take the following steps:

1. **Cost Reduction**: Focus on reducing production costs to maintain competitiveness as tariffs decrease.
2. **Market Research**: Analyze potential competitors and market trends to understand the impact of reduced tariffs.
3. **Product Differentiation**: Invest in innovation and quality improvements to differentiate their products from potential imports.
4. **Strategic Partnerships**: Consider forming alliances with local distributors or retailers to strengthen market presence.
5. **Diversification**: Explore opportunities to diversify product offerings or enter new markets to mitigate risks.
6. **Advocacy**: Engage with the government to discuss potential support measures for local manufacturers.
7. **Long-term Planning**: Develop a long-term strategy that anticipates further tariff reductions and prepares for increased competition.
Ques:- A major auto service chain has enjoyed healthy returns on its 30-store operation for the past 10 years. However, management feels that the chain needs to expand, as the current geographical areas in which they are based have become saturated. For the past couple of years, they have aggressively pursued a growth strategy, opening an additional 15 stores. However, it seems that this approach has had negative returns. For the first time in over a decade, the chain’s profits dropped into the negative zone. You were hired to figure out why.
Right Answer:

The negative returns could be due to several factors: oversaturation in new markets, inadequate market research leading to poor location choices, increased competition, higher operational costs, or a lack of brand recognition in the new areas. Additionally, the rapid expansion may have stretched resources thin, impacting service quality and customer satisfaction. A thorough analysis of each new location's performance, customer feedback, and market conditions is necessary to identify the specific issues.

Ques:- A steel company in was experiencing large amounts of inventory and customers which complained about long wait times for orders. Company used to have a monopoly however deregulation had allowed for competition starting 10 years ago and the firm now had 40% market share. Firm had four plants, two made mostly flat steel products and two made pipe like steel products. For all plants half the products were specialized and half were standard. What should be done to solve the problems?
Right Answer:
The company should implement a demand forecasting system to better align production with customer needs, streamline operations to reduce lead times, improve inventory management to minimize excess stock, and enhance customer service to address complaints. Additionally, consider investing in technology to increase efficiency and exploring partnerships or collaborations to improve market competitiveness.
Ques:- For a Fuel station convenience store, what is the optimal layout for where different types of goods are arranged within the store?
Right Answer:
The optimal layout for a fuel station convenience store should include:

1. **Entrance Area**: Snacks and beverages near the entrance for quick grabs.
2. **High-Demand Items**: Essentials like bread, milk, and eggs in a central location for easy access.
3. **Impulse Items**: Candy and small items near the checkout counter to encourage last-minute purchases.
4. **Seasonal Products**: Display seasonal items prominently to attract attention.
5. **Clear Aisles**: Ensure wide aisles for easy movement and visibility of products.
6. **Restroom Access**: Clearly marked restrooms for customer convenience.

This layout maximizes customer flow and encourages purchases.
Ques:- Soybeans are a commodity product. A soybean manufacturer, which processes soybeans for food and energy. 80% of production is for food, 20% is for energy. The soybeans are processes in North America, but majority of energy demand today is in Asia/Pacific. The CEO has hired you to understand what is the most efficient method of delivering the product to Asia. You need to decide whether to process all in North America and then ship to Asia/Pacific, or ship raw to Asia/Pacific and then process.
Right Answer:
To determine the most efficient method of delivering soybeans to Asia/Pacific, you should conduct a cost analysis comparing the expenses of processing in North America versus shipping raw soybeans for processing in Asia/Pacific. Consider factors such as transportation costs, processing costs, tariffs, and demand in the target market. If processing in North America and shipping is cheaper overall, choose that option; if shipping raw soybeans and processing in Asia/Pacific is more cost-effective, opt for that.
Ques:- We are looking to acquire ABC company that offers a diversified product line of health & beauty products into several market segments. We would like to sell the acquisition in 2-3 years for a profit. The new management team put in place is unsure where to focus company’s growth efforts and, therefore, which segments to target with new product launches. You are to provide your advice to help us decide to purchase this firm or not. Also to tell where to focus?
Right Answer:
To decide on the acquisition of ABC company, conduct a thorough market analysis to identify high-growth segments within the health and beauty industry. Focus on segments with increasing consumer demand, such as natural and organic products, skincare, and wellness. Evaluate the competitive landscape, customer preferences, and potential for innovation. Prioritize product launches in these high-potential areas to maximize profitability within 2-3 years. If the analysis shows strong growth potential and alignment with market trends, proceed with the acquisition.
Ques:- A company manufactures hair products. It’s thinking about entering the sunscreen market. Is this a good idea?
Right Answer:
It could be a good idea if there is market demand, the company can leverage its existing distribution channels, and it has the resources to develop and market sunscreen products effectively. However, thorough market research and analysis of competition and consumer preferences are essential before making a decision.
Ques:- A cable TV company from Canada, World View, had recently entered the US market in the northeast to expand its market share. World View saw this move as an opportunity to capture a large part of the US market (4MM consumers) in a market with very little competition. However, in the last couple of years, much to the surprise of management, World View has been unable to make a profit. You have been hired to figure out why and advise them on their next move?
Right Answer:
World View should analyze their pricing strategy, customer acquisition costs, and service offerings. They may be facing high operational costs, ineffective marketing, or not meeting consumer expectations. Conducting market research to understand customer needs and preferences, optimizing their pricing model, and improving service quality could help them become profitable. Additionally, exploring partnerships or bundling services might attract more customers.
Ques:- What will you do when client is asking you to provide something which doesn’t make any sense?
Right Answer:
I would listen carefully to the client's request, ask clarifying questions to understand their needs, and then explain why the request may not be feasible or logical. I would offer alternative solutions that align with their goals.
Ques:- A corn feed company has eight manufacturing plans located in the Midwest. These plants services the entire U.S. Their plant in Ohio is in need of refurbishing. The company has four possible options: refurbish the existing plant, build a larger plant at the current location, build a similar size plant at a new location, and build a larger plant at a new location.
Right Answer:
The company should conduct a cost-benefit analysis for each option, considering factors like refurbishment costs, construction costs, operational efficiency, and potential market reach, to determine the best choice for their needs.
Ques:- Your client, a U.S. firm, owns a meat packing plant in Spain. Over the last few periods profits have steadily declined, despite the fact that sales are growing. You have been hired to figure out why.
Right Answer:
The decline in profits despite growing sales could be due to rising costs, such as increased labor, raw materials, or operational inefficiencies. Additionally, it may be caused by pricing pressures, higher competition, or increased overhead expenses. Analyzing the cost structure and operational processes is essential to identify the specific reasons.
Ques:- You client is a large real estate development company considering buying a piece of real estate. How do you analyze the investment?
Right Answer:
To analyze the investment, I would:

1. **Conduct Market Research**: Assess the local real estate market trends, demand, and supply.
2. **Evaluate Financial Metrics**: Calculate key metrics such as ROI, cash flow, cap rate, and net present value (NPV).
3. **Perform Due Diligence**: Review property documents, zoning laws, and any potential legal issues.
4. **Assess Location**: Analyze the property's location for accessibility, amenities, and future development plans.
5. **Estimate Costs**: Consider acquisition costs, renovation expenses, and ongoing operational costs.
6. **Risk Analysis**: Identify potential risks and develop mitigation strategies.
7. **Consult Stakeholders**: Gather input from relevant stakeholders, including financial advisors and real estate experts.
Ques:- Over the past few years, our client, a retail bank, has gone national from few branches in one state to 200 branches across country. Although some of the branches performing well, the company as a whole is losing lot of money specifically in four metro cities. How would you analyze this problem?
Right Answer:
1. **Data Analysis**: Collect and analyze financial data from all branches, focusing on the four metro cities. Look at revenue, expenses, and customer demographics.

2. **Performance Metrics**: Identify key performance indicators (KPIs) such as customer acquisition cost, average transaction value, and branch profitability.

3. **Market Research**: Conduct market research to understand the competitive landscape, customer preferences, and economic conditions in the metro cities.

4. **Branch Operations Review**: Evaluate the operational efficiency of the branches in the metro cities, including staffing, service quality, and product offerings.

5. **Customer Feedback**: Gather feedback from customers in those areas to identify pain points and areas for improvement.

6. **Identify Trends**: Look for trends in customer behavior, such as changes in banking habits or preferences for digital services.

7. **Benchmarking**: Compare the performance of the underperforming branches with successful branches in other regions to identify best practices.

8. **Strategic
Ques:- There are 10 black socks and 10 white socks in a drawer. Socks of the same color are identical but not allowed to look into the drawer while taking out socks?
Right Answer:
To guarantee at least one matching pair of socks, you need to take out 3 socks.
Ques:- A man works on the 10th floor and takes the elevator down to ground level at the end of the day. Yet every morning, he only takes the elevator to the 7th floor, even when in a hurry. But he goes all the way to the 10th floor when others are in the elevator with him or it is a rainy day. Why?
Right Answer:
The man is short and can only reach the button for the 7th floor. He can reach the button for the 10th floor when others are with him or when it's rainy and he uses an umbrella to press it.


Problem solving is a fundamental human skill and a cornerstone of success in virtually every field, from science and technology to business and personal life. It’s not just about finding an answer, but about the structured and deliberate process of overcoming obstacles to achieve a goal. This process typically begins with problem identification: recognizing that a problem exists and clearly defining its nature and scope. A well-defined problem is often halfway to a solution.

Once the problem is identified, the next step is analysis. This involves gathering information, breaking down the issue into smaller, manageable parts, and understanding its root causes rather than just its symptoms. This stage often requires critical thinking, data analysis, and a willingness to look at the problem from multiple perspectives. After analysis, potential solutions are generated. This is where creativity comes into play, as it’s often necessary to think outside the box to develop innovative and effective strategies. Brainstorming, research, and collaboration with others are all common methods for this stage.

Finally, the most promising solution is chosen and implemented. The final step is to evaluate the results to ensure the problem has been solved effectively and to learn from the process. This feedback loop is essential for continuous improvement. Whether it’s a software engineer debugging code, a manager resolving a team conflict, or an individual navigating a personal challenge, the ability to approach issues logically, creatively, and systematically is what defines a good problem solver. It is a skill that can be developed and honed over time, and its mastery is a key indicator of adaptability and resilience.

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