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In ring Network, every computer or devices has two adjacent
neighbors for communication. In a ring network, all the
communication messages travel in the same directory whether
clockwise or anti clockwise. Any damage of the cable of any
cable or device can result in the breakdown of the whole
network. Ring topology now has become almost obsolete.
FDDI, SONET or Token Ring Technology can be used to
implement Ring Technology. Ring topologies can be found in
office, school or small buildings
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=STAR
In the computer networking world the most commonly used
topology in LAN is the star topology. Star topologies can
be implemented in home, offices or even in a building. All
the computers in the star topologies are connected to
central devices like hub, switch or router. The
functionality of all these devices is different. I have
covered the detail of each networking devices in the
separate portion of my website. Computers in a network are
usually connected with the hub, switch or router with the
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) or Shielded Twisted Pair
Cables.
As compared to the bus topology, a star network requires
more devices & cables to complete anetwork. The failure of
each node or cable in a star network, won’t take down the
entire network
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=Tree Topology
Tree topologies are comprised of the multiple star
topologies on a bus. Tree topologies integrate multiple
star topologies together onto a bus. Only the hub devices
can connect directly with the tree bus and each Hub
functions as a root of a tree of the network devices. This
bus/star/hybrid combination supports future expandability
of the computer networks, much better than a bus or star.

These are all topologies, which mean physical arrangments
of nodes(computer, printer and etc...)