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Indus insights Interview Questions and Answers
Ques:- What is the difference between correlation and causation
Right Answer:
Correlation is a statistical measure that indicates the extent to which two variables fluctuate together, while causation implies that one variable directly affects or causes a change in another variable.
Ques:- What is the difference between supervised and unsupervised learning
Right Answer:
Supervised learning uses labeled data to train models, meaning the output is known, while unsupervised learning uses unlabeled data, where the model tries to find patterns or groupings without predefined outcomes.
Ques:- What is exploratory data analysis (EDA)
Right Answer:
Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) is the process of analyzing and summarizing datasets to understand their main characteristics, often using visual methods. It helps identify patterns, trends, and anomalies in the data before applying formal modeling techniques.
Ques:- What is a hypothesis and how do you test it
Right Answer:
A hypothesis is a specific, testable prediction about the relationship between two or more variables. To test a hypothesis, you can use the following steps:

1. **Formulate the Hypothesis**: Clearly define the null hypothesis (no effect or relationship) and the alternative hypothesis (there is an effect or relationship).
2. **Collect Data**: Gather relevant data through experiments, surveys, or observational studies.
3. **Analyze Data**: Use statistical methods to analyze the data and determine if there is enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis.
4. **Draw Conclusions**: Based on the analysis, conclude whether the hypothesis is supported or not, and report the findings.
Ques:- What is classification analysis and how does it work
Right Answer:
Classification analysis is a data analysis technique used to categorize data into predefined classes or groups. It works by using algorithms to learn from a training dataset, where the outcomes are known, and then applying this learned model to classify new, unseen data based on its features. Common algorithms include decision trees, logistic regression, and support vector machines.
Ques:- Ent analysis or textual analysis is a methodology in the social sciences for studying the content of communication. Earl Babbie defines it as “the stu
Right Answer:
Content analysis is a research method used to systematically analyze communication content, such as texts, speeches, or media, to identify patterns, themes, and meanings.
Ques:- What is the difference between brd, srs and use of case documents?
Right Answer:
BRD (Business Requirements Document) outlines the high-level business needs and objectives. SRS (Software Requirements Specification) details the functional and non-functional requirements for the software. Use Case documents describe specific interactions between users and the system to achieve particular goals.
Ques:- How to depict dependency in Ms Project?
Right Answer:
To depict dependency in MS Project, you can link tasks by selecting the tasks you want to connect, then clicking on the "Link Tasks" button in the toolbar or using the shortcut Ctrl + F2. This creates a finish-to-start dependency by default. You can also adjust the type of dependency (finish-to-start, start-to-start, finish-to-finish, or start-to-finish) by double-clicking on the task and modifying the "Predecessors" tab.
Ques:- We are analyzing a manufactures high-end athletic footwear. The company’s sales are up but profits are flat. What do we need to look at?
Right Answer:
We need to look at the cost of production, pricing strategy, marketing expenses, inventory management, and potential discounts or promotions affecting profit margins.
Ques:- You’re consulting with a large pharmacy with stores in multiple states. This company has improved sales but experienced a decrease in revenue. As a result, it is contemplating store closings. Explain how you’d advise this client?
Right Answer:
I would advise the client to analyze their sales data to identify which products are driving sales but not contributing to revenue. They should assess their pricing strategy, operational costs, and inventory management. Additionally, I would recommend evaluating the performance of each store location to determine if some stores are underperforming and should be closed. Implementing targeted marketing strategies and improving customer experience could also help boost revenue. Finally, consider exploring partnerships or alternative revenue streams to enhance profitability.
Ques:- Your company installed an ERP system 3 years ago, spending a cumulative $100M to do so. The CEO asks you, was this a financially sound investment?
Right Answer:
To determine if the ERP system was a financially sound investment, we need to analyze the return on investment (ROI). We should compare the cumulative benefits gained from the ERP system over the past 3 years against the $100M spent. If the benefits exceed $100M, it was a sound investment; if not, it was not financially sound.
Ques:- You have been retained joint by a disposable diaper company and a federal commission on waste management. Estimate the volume percentage of disposable diapers in the total U.S. household garbage.
Right Answer:
Disposable diapers make up approximately 3-4% of total U.S. household garbage by volume.
Ques:- What are the steps involved in the market research process
Right Answer:
1. Define the problem and research objectives.
2. Develop the research plan.
3. Collect the data.
4. Analyze the data.
5. Present the findings.
6. Make decisions based on the research.
Ques:- What are the different types of market research
Right Answer:
The different types of market research are:

1. Primary Research
- Surveys
- Interviews
- Focus Groups
- Observations

2. Secondary Research
- Market Reports
- Academic Journals
- Industry Publications
- Online Databases

3. Qualitative Research
- In-depth Interviews
- Focus Groups
- Ethnographic Studies

4. Quantitative Research
- Surveys with numerical data
- Experiments
- Statistical Analysis

5. Descriptive Research
6. Exploratory Research
7. Causal Research
Ques:- What is competitive analysis and how is it done
Right Answer:
Competitive analysis is the process of evaluating and comparing your business, products, or services against your competitors to understand their strengths and weaknesses. It is done by identifying key competitors, analyzing their offerings, market positioning, pricing strategies, customer feedback, marketing tactics, and overall performance. This information helps businesses identify opportunities and threats in the market.
Ques:- What is the difference between primary and secondary research
Right Answer:
Primary research involves collecting new data directly from sources, such as surveys or interviews, while secondary research involves analyzing existing data that has already been collected by others, such as reports or studies.
Ques:- What is the difference between focus groups and interviews
Right Answer:
Focus groups involve a small group of people discussing a topic guided by a moderator, while interviews are one-on-one conversations between an interviewer and a participant.
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