Find Interview Questions for Mavenir systems

Right Answer:
Beamforming in 5G is a technology that directs radio signals towards specific users or devices rather than broadcasting signals in all directions. It works by using multiple antennas to create focused beams of radio waves, which improves signal strength, reduces interference, and enhances overall network efficiency.

Right Answer:
5G improves network reliability and coverage through advanced technologies like beamforming, which directs signals more precisely, and massive MIMO, which uses multiple antennas to enhance capacity and reduce interference. Additionally, 5G utilizes a denser network of small cells, improving coverage in urban areas and challenging environments.

Right Answer:
The challenges in deploying 5G networks include:

1. High infrastructure costs for new base stations and equipment.
2. Need for dense network coverage due to higher frequency signals having shorter range.
3. Integration with existing 4G networks and legacy systems.
4. Regulatory and zoning issues for site approvals.
5. Ensuring cybersecurity and data privacy.
6. Managing the increased complexity of network management and operations.
7. Limited availability of compatible devices initially.

Right Answer:
Global 5G adoption is expected to continue growing rapidly, with widespread deployment anticipated by 2025, and significant coverage expected by 2030.

Right Answer:
Massive MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) is a technology that uses a large number of antennas at the base station to serve multiple users simultaneously. In 5G, it enhances capacity and efficiency by improving signal quality, increasing data rates, and enabling better coverage, which leads to a more reliable and faster wireless communication experience.

Right Answer:
The different types of telecommunications networks include:

1. **Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)** - Traditional landline networks.
2. **Mobile Networks** - Cellular networks for mobile phones (e.g., 3G, 4G, 5G).
3. **Satellite Networks** - Communication via satellites in orbit.
4. **Optical Fiber Networks** - High-speed data transmission using fiber optics.
5. **Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN)** - Local networks using wireless technology (e.g., Wi-Fi).
6. **Wide Area Networks (WAN)** - Networks that cover large geographical areas.
7. **Local Area Networks (LAN)** - Networks that cover a small geographical area, like a home or office.
8. **Virtual Private Networks (VPN)** - Secure connections over the internet for private communication.

Right Answer:
HTTP methods are standardized request types used in APIs to perform actions on resources. The main methods are:

1. **GET**: Retrieve data from a server.
2. **POST**: Send data to a server to create a new resource.
3. **PUT**: Update an existing resource on the server.
4. **DELETE**: Remove a resource from the server.
5. **PATCH**: Apply partial modifications to a resource.

These methods define the action to be performed on the specified resource in the API.

Right Answer:
API authentication is the process of verifying the identity of a user or application trying to access an API. Common methods include:

1. **API Keys**: Unique keys provided to users to access the API.
2. **Basic Authentication**: Uses a username and password encoded in Base64.
3. **OAuth**: A token-based authentication method that allows users to grant limited access to their resources without sharing credentials.
4. **JWT (JSON Web Tokens)**: A compact, URL-safe means of representing claims to be transferred between two parties, often used for stateless authentication.
5. **HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)**: Uses a secret key to create a hash of the request, ensuring data integrity and authenticity.

Right Answer:
Webhooks are user-defined HTTP callbacks that are triggered by specific events in a web application, allowing real-time data transfer. They differ from APIs in that APIs require a request to be made to receive data, while webhooks automatically send data when an event occurs without needing a request.

Right Answer:
The common status codes in HTTP responses are:

- **200**: OK
- **201**: Created
- **204**: No Content
- **400**: Bad Request
- **401**: Unauthorized
- **403**: Forbidden
- **404**: Not Found
- **500**: Internal Server Error
- **502**: Bad Gateway
- **503**: Service Unavailable

Right Answer:
An API endpoint is a specific URL or URI where an API can be accessed by a client to perform operations like retrieving or sending data. It defines the location and method (such as GET, POST) for interacting with the API.

Right Answer:
I would assess the organization's context, choose a suitable scaling framework like SAFe or LeSS based on needs, implement it incrementally with training and coaching, focusing on value delivery, and continuously inspect and adapt the implementation based on feedback and results.

Right Answer:
During a sprint, I generally avoid scope creep. If a change request is small and doesn't impact the sprint goal, the team can discuss and decide if it can be included. If the change is significant, it goes into the product backlog to be prioritized for a future sprint.

Right Answer:
Kanban focuses on visualizing workflow, limiting work in progress (WIP), and continuous flow. Scrum uses time-boxed iterations (sprints) with specific roles (Scrum Master, Product Owner, Development Team) and events (sprint planning, daily scrum, sprint review, sprint retrospective).

Use Kanban when you need continuous delivery, have evolving priorities, and want to improve workflow incrementally. Use Scrum when you need structured development with fixed-length iterations, have clear goals for each iteration, and benefit from team collaboration with defined roles.

Right Answer:
To facilitate effective sprint retrospectives, I would:

1. **Set the Stage:** Create a safe and open environment where the team feels comfortable sharing.
2. **Gather Data:** Collect information about what went well, what didn't, and any challenges faced during the sprint.
3. **Generate Insights:** Facilitate a discussion to identify root causes and patterns.
4. **Decide on Actions:** Collaborate to define specific, actionable, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART) improvements.
5. **Close the Retrospective:** Summarize action items and assign owners.
6. **Follow Up:** Track progress on action items in subsequent sprints to ensure continuous improvement.

Right Answer:
We ensure consistent Agile processes through:

* **Training and coaching:** Ensuring the team understands Agile principles and practices.
* **Regular audits and retrospectives:** Identifying deviations and areas for improvement.
* **Using tools and templates:** Standardizing processes and providing guidelines.
* **Defining clear roles and responsibilities:** Ensuring everyone knows their part in the process.
* **Promoting open communication and feedback:** Encouraging early detection of issues.