Find Interview Questions for Ortec

Right Answer:
Django's working philosophy is based on the "Don't Repeat Yourself" (DRY) principle and the "Convention over Configuration" approach. It emphasizes reusability of components, rapid development, and a clean, pragmatic design. Django provides a robust framework that includes built-in features for handling common web development tasks, allowing developers to focus on building their applications efficiently.

Right Answer:
Cross-functional teams in Agile are important because they bring together all the necessary skills to complete work without dependencies on other teams. This leads to faster delivery, better problem-solving, and increased innovation. To foster collaboration, encourage open communication, shared understanding of goals, mutual respect, and a focus on collective ownership.

Right Answer:
We prioritize features or tasks in an Agile sprint using a combination of factors like business value, risk, effort/size, dependencies, and urgency. Product Owner usually leads this, using techniques like MoSCoW (Must have, Should have, Could have, Won't have) or story pointing, to ensure the most valuable items are tackled first.

Right Answer:
"In one project, we underestimated the complexity of integrating a new third-party API. This caused us to miss our sprint goal. To address this, we immediately re-estimated the remaining work, broke down the integration into smaller, more manageable tasks, and increased communication with the API vendor. We also temporarily shifted team focus to prioritize the integration, delaying a lower-priority feature for the next sprint. Finally, in the sprint retrospective, we implemented a better vetting process for third-party integrations to avoid similar issues in the future."

Right Answer:
Agile is an iterative and incremental approach to project management that focuses on collaboration, flexibility, and customer satisfaction. Unlike traditional, sequential (waterfall) methods, Agile embraces change throughout the project lifecycle through short development cycles called sprints.

Right Answer:
Agile ceremonies are recurring meetings within a sprint to facilitate communication, planning, and continuous improvement.

* **Sprint Planning:** The team decides what work to complete in the upcoming sprint. They discuss user stories, estimate effort, and define the sprint goal.

* **Daily Stand-up:** A brief daily meeting where the team shares progress, identifies roadblocks, and coordinates efforts. Each member typically answers: What did I do yesterday? What will I do today? Are there any impediments?

* **Sprint Review:** The team demonstrates the completed work to stakeholders, gathering feedback and ensuring alignment with expectations.

* **Sprint Retrospective:** The team reflects on the past sprint, identifying what went well, what could be improved, and defining action items to enhance future performance.

Right Answer:
Your major responsibilities include planning, executing, and closing projects; managing project teams; ensuring projects are completed on time and within budget; communicating with stakeholders; and mitigating risks.

Right Answer:
Projects are temporary endeavors with a specific goal and defined timeline. Programs are groups of related projects managed in a coordinated way to achieve broader objectives. A portfolio is a collection of projects and programs that are managed together to achieve strategic business goals.

Right Answer:
1. Lack of clear goals and objectives.
2. Poor communication among team members.
3. Inadequate resources or budget constraints.
4. Frequent changes in project scope.
5. Low team morale and engagement.

Right Answer:
I appreciate your interest in working with Petrofac. Please share your relevant skills and experience that align with the company's projects and values.

Right Answer:
Risk factors during project implementation include:

1. Scope Creep: Uncontrolled changes or continuous growth in project scope.
2. Resource Availability: Lack of necessary resources, including personnel and materials.
3. Budget Overruns: Exceeding the allocated budget due to unforeseen expenses.
4. Time Constraints: Delays in project timelines affecting delivery.
5. Stakeholder Engagement: Lack of support or communication from stakeholders.
6. Technology Issues: Problems with tools or systems used in the project.
7. Regulatory Compliance: Failing to meet legal or industry standards.
8. Team Dynamics: Conflicts or lack of collaboration among team members.
9. Market Changes: Shifts in market conditions affecting project relevance.
10. Risk Management: Inadequate identification and mitigation of potential risks.

Right Answer:
GET is used to retrieve data from a server, POST is used to send data to a server to create a resource, PUT is used to update an existing resource on the server, and DELETE is used to remove a resource from the server.

Right Answer:
Synchronous API calls wait for the response before moving on to the next task, while asynchronous API calls allow the program to continue executing other tasks while waiting for the response.

Right Answer:
The different types of APIs are:

1. **Open APIs (Public APIs)** - Available to developers and third parties.
2. **Internal APIs (Private APIs)** - Used within an organization.
3. **Partner APIs** - Shared with specific business partners.
4. **Composite APIs** - Combine multiple endpoints into a single call.
5. **Web APIs** - Accessible over the internet using HTTP/HTTPS.

Right Answer:
HTTP methods are standardized request types used in APIs to perform actions on resources. The main methods are:

1. **GET**: Retrieve data from a server.
2. **POST**: Send data to a server to create a new resource.
3. **PUT**: Update an existing resource on the server.
4. **DELETE**: Remove a resource from the server.
5. **PATCH**: Apply partial modifications to a resource.

These methods define the action to be performed on the specified resource in the API.

Right Answer:
API authentication is the process of verifying the identity of a user or application trying to access an API. Common methods include:

1. **API Keys**: Unique keys provided to users to access the API.
2. **Basic Authentication**: Uses a username and password encoded in Base64.
3. **OAuth**: A token-based authentication method that allows users to grant limited access to their resources without sharing credentials.
4. **JWT (JSON Web Tokens)**: A compact, URL-safe means of representing claims to be transferred between two parties, often used for stateless authentication.
5. **HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)**: Uses a secret key to create a hash of the request, ensuring data integrity and authenticity.