.gitignore is a file used in Git to specify which files or directories should be ignored by version control. It prevents certain files, like temporary files or sensitive information, from being tracked and included in commits.
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To clone a repository, use the command:
“`
git clone <repository-url>
“`
Git internals consist of four main components:
1. **Objects**: Git stores data as objects, which include blobs, trees, commits, and tags. Each object is identified by a SHA-1 hash.
2. **Blobs**: These are binary large objects that store the content of files. Each file's content is stored as a blob.
3. **Trees**: Trees represent directories and contain references to blobs (files) and other trees (subdirectories). They maintain the structure of the repository.
4. **Refs**: Refs are pointers to commits. They include branches and tags, allowing Git to track different versions of the project.
Together, these components enable Git to efficiently manage version control and track changes in a repository.
To create and switch to a new branch in Git, use the command:
“`
git checkout -b <branch-name>
“`
