Find Interview Questions for Vconstruct (India)

Right Answer:
Epipolar geometry is the geometric relationship between two views of the same scene captured by two cameras. It defines the epipolar plane, epipoles, and epipolar lines, which help in constraining the search for corresponding points in stereo images. It is important in stereo vision because it reduces the 2D correspondence problem to a 1D search along epipolar lines, making it easier and more efficient to find matching points between the two images.

Right Answer:
Common algorithms used for stereo matching include:

1. Block Matching
2. Semi-Global Matching (SGM)
3. Dynamic Programming
4. Graph Cuts
5. Belief Propagation
6. Deep Learning-based methods (e.g., Convolutional Neural Networks)

Right Answer:
Bundle adjustment is an optimization technique used in 3D reconstruction to refine the 3D coordinates of points and the camera parameters simultaneously. It minimizes the re-projection error between observed image points and projected 3D points, ensuring a more accurate and consistent 3D model. It is typically used after initial structure-from-motion processes to improve the quality of the reconstruction.

Right Answer:
3D vision refers to the ability of a system to perceive depth and spatial relationships in a three-dimensional space, allowing it to understand the shape, size, and position of objects. In contrast, 2D computer vision processes images as flat, two-dimensional representations, lacking depth information.

Right Answer:
Depth perception in 3D vision refers to the ability to perceive the distance of objects in a three-dimensional space. It is achieved computationally through various techniques, including:

1. **Binocular Disparity**: Using two slightly different images from each eye to calculate depth based on the difference in their positions.
2. **Monocular Cues**: Utilizing single-eye cues like size, texture gradient, overlap, and perspective to infer depth.
3. **Motion Parallax**: Observing how objects move relative to each other as the observer moves, providing depth information based on their relative motion.
4. **Depth Sensors**: Using devices like LiDAR or stereo cameras to measure distances directly.

These methods help create a perception of depth in 3D environments.

Right Answer:
The main differences between 2D and 3D game development are:

1. **Dimensions**: 2D games operate in two dimensions (width and height), while 3D games operate in three dimensions (width, height, and depth).
2. **Graphics**: 2D games use flat images and sprites, whereas 3D games use models and textures that create a sense of depth.
3. **Movement**: In 2D games, movement is typically restricted to a plane, while 3D games allow for movement in all directions, including up and down.
4. **Complexity**: 3D game development is generally more complex, requiring knowledge of 3D modeling, animation, and physics.
5. **Tools and Engines**: Different tools and game engines are often used; 2D games might use engines like Unity or Godot in 2D mode, while 3D games require more advanced features of these engines.

Right Answer:
The different types of camera systems used in 3D games include:

1. **First-Person Camera**: Provides a view from the player's perspective.
2. **Third-Person Camera**: Shows the player character from a distance, typically behind or above.
3. **Top-Down Camera**: Views the scene from directly above, often used in strategy games.
4. **Isometric Camera**: Offers a fixed angle view that simulates a 3D perspective on a 2D plane.
5. **Free Camera**: Allows the player to move the camera freely in any direction.
6. **Fixed Camera**: Remains in a set position, often used in specific scenes or cutscenes.
7. **Dynamic Camera**: Adjusts automatically based on player movement or actions to enhance gameplay.

Right Answer:
The key components of a 3D game pipeline are:

1. Concept and Design
2. Modeling
3. Texturing
4. Rigging and Animation
5. Programming and Scripting
6. Level Design
7. Lighting
8. Sound Design
9. Testing and Debugging
10. Optimization
11. Deployment and Distribution

Right Answer:
Texture mapping is significant in 3D games because it adds detail and realism to 3D models by applying 2D images (textures) to their surfaces, enhancing visual quality without increasing the geometric complexity.

Right Answer:
A game loop in 3D game development is a continuous cycle that manages the game's execution. It typically consists of three main phases:

1. **Process Input**: Captures user inputs (like keyboard and mouse actions).
2. **Update**: Updates the game state, including physics, AI, and animations.
3. **Render**: Draws the current state of the game to the screen.

This loop runs repeatedly, allowing the game to respond to player actions and update the visuals in real-time.

Right Answer:
The four proposed GST legislations are:
1. Central Goods and Services Tax (CGST)
2. State Goods and Services Tax (SGST)
3. Union Territory Goods and Services Tax (UTGST)
4. Goods and Services Tax (Integrated) Act (IGST)

Right Answer:
Forging is a manufacturing process that involves shaping metal using compressive forces, typically by hammering or pressing, to create a desired shape or form.

Right Answer:
The proposed date for GST implementation in India was July 1, 2017.

Right Answer:
ASME stands for the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, which is a professional organization that sets standards for mechanical engineering and promotes the art, science, and practice of engineering.

Right Answer:
Thermodynamics is the branch of physics that deals with the relationships between heat, work, temperature, and energy.

Right Answer:
My final year project focused on developing a smart irrigation system using IoT technology. The system automatically monitors soil moisture levels and adjusts water supply accordingly, optimizing water usage for agriculture. It included sensors, a microcontroller, and a mobile app for real-time monitoring and control.

Right Answer:
The different types of forging processes are:

1. **Open Die Forging** - Metal is deformed between two flat dies.
2. **Closed Die Forging** - Metal is shaped within a die that contains a specific cavity.
3. **Upset Forging** - The length of a metal piece is shortened while its diameter increases.
4. **Roll Forging** - Metal is passed through rollers to create a desired shape.
5. **Precision Forging** - Produces parts with tight tolerances and minimal machining.
6. **Isothermal Forging** - Forging is done at a constant temperature to improve material properties.
7. **Warm Forging** - Performed at elevated temperatures, but below the material's recrystallization temperature.
8. **Cold Forging** - Conducted at room temperature, enhancing strength through work hardening.

Right Answer:
AutoCAD is a computer-aided design (CAD) software used for creating 2D and 3D drawings. It allows users to draft, annotate, and model designs for various applications, including architecture, engineering, and manufacturing. Key features include precision drawing tools, layers for organizing designs, and the ability to create detailed technical drawings and schematics.

Right Answer:
AutoCAD is a computer-aided design (CAD) software used for creating 2D and 3D drawings. It allows designers and engineers to draft and model their ideas accurately, using tools for drawing, editing, and annotating designs.

Right Answer:
Reactor design involves selecting the type of reactor (batch, continuous, etc.), determining the reaction kinetics, and ensuring proper mixing and heat transfer. For plate and packed column design, it includes calculating the height and diameter based on mass transfer principles, selecting appropriate packing or tray types, and ensuring adequate flow rates for gas and liquid phases to achieve desired separation efficiency.