Find Interview Questions for Xoriant Solutions Pvt Ltd

Right Answer:

A Pod is the smallest deployable unit in Kubernetes that can contain one or more containers. A ReplicaSet ensures that a specified number of pod replicas are running at any given time, maintaining availability. A Deployment is a higher-level abstraction that manages ReplicaSets and provides declarative updates to applications, allowing for easy scaling and rollbacks.

Right Answer:

Kubernetes is an open-source container orchestration platform that automates the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. It solves problems related to application deployment consistency, scaling applications based on demand, managing container lifecycles, and ensuring high availability and fault tolerance of applications.

Right Answer:

Liveness probes determine if a container is running; if it fails, Kubernetes will restart the container. Readiness probes check if a container is ready to accept traffic; if it fails, the container will be removed from the service endpoints until it is ready again.

Right Answer:

Kubernetes handles networking and communication between pods using a flat network model where each pod gets its own IP address. Pods can communicate with each other directly using these IPs. Kubernetes also provides services, which are stable endpoints that can load balance traffic to pods, enabling communication between different services. Additionally, Kubernetes uses network plugins (CNI) to manage networking and enforce policies.

Right Answer:

You can perform scaling in Kubernetes using the `kubectl scale` command to adjust the number of replicas in a deployment, or by configuring the Horizontal Pod Autoscaler (HPA) to automatically scale the number of pods based on resource usage metrics.

Right Answer:
To design a RESTful API, follow these steps:

1. **Identify Resources**: Determine the main entities your API will manage (e.g., users, products).
2. **Use HTTP Methods**: Map CRUD operations to HTTP methods:
- GET for retrieving resources
- POST for creating resources
- PUT/PATCH for updating resources
- DELETE for removing resources
3. **Define Endpoints**: Create clear and intuitive URL structures for each resource (e.g., `/api/users`, `/api/products/{id}`).
4. **Use Status Codes**: Implement appropriate HTTP status codes for responses (e.g., 200 OK, 201 Created, 404 Not Found).
5. **Support Filtering and Pagination**: Allow clients to filter and paginate results for large datasets.
6. **Versioning**: Include versioning in the API path (e.g., `/api/v1/`) to manage changes over time.
7. **Documentation**: Provide

Right Answer:
A URI (Uniform Resource Identifier) is a string that uniquely identifies a resource in a RESTful API, typically in the form of a URL. An endpoint is a specific URI where an API can be accessed by a client to perform operations (like GET, POST, PUT, DELETE) on the resource.

Right Answer:
1. Use HTTPS to encrypt data in transit.
2. Implement authentication (e.g., OAuth, API keys).
3. Use authorization to control access to resources.
4. Validate and sanitize input to prevent injection attacks.
5. Limit data exposure by using proper response filtering.
6. Implement rate limiting to prevent abuse.
7. Use CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing) policies to control resource sharing.
8. Regularly update and patch dependencies to fix vulnerabilities.
9. Log and monitor API access for suspicious activity.
10. Use security headers (e.g., Content Security Policy, X-Content-Type-Options).

Right Answer:
To handle errors and exceptions in a RESTful API, use standard HTTP status codes to indicate the type of error (e.g., 400 for bad requests, 404 for not found, 500 for server errors). Include a consistent error response format in the body, providing details such as an error code, message, and any relevant information to help the client understand the issue. Log errors for internal tracking and debugging.

Right Answer:
HTTP status codes are three-digit numbers returned by a server to indicate the result of a client's request. Common codes include:

- **200**: OK - The request was successful.
- **201**: Created - The request was successful, and a resource was created.
- **400**: Bad Request - The server could not understand the request due to invalid syntax.
- **401**: Unauthorized - Authentication is required and has failed or not been provided.
- **404**: Not Found - The requested resource could not be found on the server.
- **500**: Internal Server Error - The server encountered an unexpected condition that prevented it from fulfilling the request.

Right Answer:

Git internals consist of four main components:

1. **Objects**: Git stores data as objects, which include blobs, trees, commits, and tags. Each object is identified by a SHA-1 hash.

2. **Blobs**: These are binary large objects that store the content of files. Each file's content is stored as a blob.

3. **Trees**: Trees represent directories and contain references to blobs (files) and other trees (subdirectories). They maintain the structure of the repository.

4. **Refs**: Refs are pointers to commits. They include branches and tags, allowing Git to track different versions of the project.

Together, these components enable Git to efficiently manage version control and track changes in a repository.

Right Answer:

You can check the status of your Git repository by running the command `git status` in your terminal.

Right Answer:

To revert a pushed commit, use the command:

“`
git revert <commit-hash>
“`

This creates a new commit that undoes the changes made by the specified commit. After that, push the changes with:

“`
git push
“`

Right Answer:

A remote repository is a version of your project that is hosted on a server, allowing multiple users to collaborate. You connect to a remote repository using Git commands like `git clone` to copy it to your local machine, or `git remote add <name> <url>` to link your local repository to the remote one.

Right Answer:

Git is a distributed version control system used to track changes in source code during software development. It allows multiple developers to collaborate, manage code versions, and maintain a history of changes efficiently.

Right Answer:

GitHub is a web-based platform that uses Git for version control and allows developers to collaborate on projects. The main difference is that Git is a version control system used to manage code changes locally, while GitHub provides a cloud-based interface for hosting Git repositories, facilitating collaboration, and offering additional features like issue tracking and project management.

Right Answer:

A fork in GitHub is a copy of a repository that allows you to make changes without affecting the original project. It is used to propose changes, experiment with new ideas, or contribute to the original repository by submitting pull requests.

Right Answer:

You can use GitHub’s API to automate tasks like creating issues, managing pull requests, or retrieving repository data. For example, you could build a tool that automatically opens an issue when a specific error is detected in your application, or a script that updates project documentation based on changes in the codebase.

Right Answer:

To create a new repository on GitHub, follow these steps:

1. Log in to your GitHub account.
2. Click the "+" icon in the top right corner and select "New repository."
3. Enter a name for your repository and optional description.
4. Choose the repository visibility (public or private).
5. Optionally, initialize the repository with a README, .gitignore, or license.
6. Click the "Create repository" button.

Right Answer:

GitHub Projects are a feature that allows users to organize and manage their work within repositories using Kanban-style boards. They help teams track tasks, issues, and pull requests by creating cards that can be moved across columns representing different stages of progress, such as "To Do," "In Progress," and "Done." This facilitates project management and collaboration by providing a visual overview of the project's status.